Oral malodor (halitosis) is commonly reported in pets and is perceived by many owners to be a significant problem. Moreover, malodor is considered to be a precursor or manifestation of more serious dental disease and may be the first clinical sign that owners report to their veterinarians. As in humans, oral malodor in dogs and [...]
Periodontal disease and inflammation of the gingivae are common disorders in dogs and cats. Gingivitis is caused by the formation and persistence of dental plaque on the surface of the teeth. If untreated, this can progress to periodontal disease, which affects the gingivae, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Periodontal disease is associated with oral [...]
Gingivitis is a nonspecific term referring to inflammation of the gingivae (gums). Periodontal disease is a plaque-induced, progressive inflammatory disease affecting the gingiva, periodontal ligaments (connective tissue between the tooth root and socket), and alveolar bone.
The presence and proliferation of certain species of anaerobic bacteria and the inflammatory responses of the host contribute to the [...]
The most important factor that influences the development of gingivitis and periodontal disease in dogs and cats is the presence and the persistence of undisturbed plaque on tooth surfaces. Therefore management and feeding practices that minimize plaque and calculus formation or aid in their removal are important in the prevention of periodontal disease.
Factors that are [...]
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